Oh boy, where to begin-
The power rating on a speaker is typically a maximum load- a 100W speaker can handle 100W load- but you also need to understand impedance. The impedance of a home theatre speaker is typically 4, 6, or 8 Ohm (8 being the most common). A wattage rating NEEDS to be accompanied by an impedance rating because they are directly related. Likewise the power rating on your amplifier should also give 4 and 8 Ohm ratings at the very least.
If your are running multiple speakers from a single amp channel, it makes a big difference how you connect them as well. A SERIES connection (where the signal flows thru one speaker, then the other) of two 8 Ohm speakers gives you 16 Ohms; a PARALLEL connection (where both speakers are connected simultaneously to the amp) drops your impedance to 4 Ohms. As a general rule you do NOT want to drop your impedance any lower than 4 Ohms.
Generally speaking, running an amplifier into a HIGHER impedance load will not harm anything; running an amplifier into a LOWER impedance load can damage the amp.
Amplifier power is often misunderstood- if you have a 100W amp and you double the power to 200W, you've only increased your max volume by 3dB, barely a noticeable difference to the human ear. Amplifier power has more to do with signal processing and clarity than it does volume. At normal listening levels, your amplifier is only pushing a couple of watts per channel; the power is used when there are sudden changes like a movie sound effects explosion.
Unless you're running an outdoor PA system or a concert hall system, 100W per channel should be more than enough to handle your music or movie system. If you need to go higher than that, you'll probably be deaf in a couple of years.
As far as speaker size is concerned, you should measure the diameter of the driver cone itself. Typical speaker sizes are 4, 6, 61/2, 8, 10, 12, and sometimes 15in drivers, though I'm sure there are some anomolies.